A lazy eye, known clinically as amblyopia, is one of the most common childhood vision problems. It occurs when the vision in one eye doesn’t develop properly during early childhood, so the brain learns to rely on the stronger eye. Because children rarely complain about it, and often can’t tell that anything is wrong, amblyopia can easily go unnoticed. That’s why early eye examinations are so important.
What causes a lazy eye?
Vision develops rapidly in the first years of life, and the brain needs a clear, focused image from both eyes to build strong visual pathways. Anything that interrupts this can lead to amblyopia. The most common causes are:
- A difference in prescription between the eyes, where one eye is much more long-sighted, short-sighted or astigmatic than the other.
- A squint (strabismus), where one eye turns in, out, up or down, so the brain ignores its image to avoid double vision.
- Less commonly, something blocking vision, such as a droopy eyelid or a childhood cataract.
Signs parents can look out for
Often there are no obvious signs at all, particularly when the cause is a prescription difference. However, you might notice your child closing or covering one eye, tilting their head, bumping into things on one side, having an eye that wanders, or sitting very close to the television or books. A family history of squint or lazy eye is also worth mentioning to us.
Why timing is everything
The visual system is most adaptable in early childhood. Treatment tends to be most successful when started young, ideally before around seven years of age, although improvements can sometimes be achieved later. Left untreated, amblyopia can lead to permanently reduced vision in the affected eye, which may later limit career choices or cause difficulties if the stronger eye is ever injured.
How a lazy eye is treated
The first step is usually correcting any prescription with glasses, which on its own can significantly improve vision. If needed, the stronger eye may then be patched for part of the day, or blurred with eye drops, to encourage the brain to use the weaker eye. Your child will be monitored carefully and, where appropriate, referred to a hospital orthoptist or ophthalmologist.
Children’s eye examinations in Chesham
Children don’t need to be able to read to have an eye examination, and NHS sight tests are free for under-16s. We recommend a first check before starting school and regular examinations thereafter. You can read more in our guide to children’s eye examinations.
Give your child the best start for their vision. Book a children’s eye examination at Brian D Suttie Opticians in Chesham today.